FORTALECIMIENTO DE COMPETENCIAS INVESTIGATIVAS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE ESTRATEGIAS UTILIZADAS EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
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A aquisição de competências de pesquisa no nível do ensino superior permite o desenvolvimento acadêmico e social, pois é a universidade que é responsável pelo treinamento do capital humano. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática a fim de identificar pesquisas ligadas à implementação de estratégias para o desenvolvimento e fortalecimento das competências de pesquisa no ensino superior, de 2009 a 2019. Levando em conta o protocolo PRISMA, a pesquisa foi realizada no ERIC e no ScienceDirect. Os critérios de inclusão para a pesquisa foram: artigos originais em inglês, português ou espanhol, com data de publicação até dezembro de 2019, estudantes universitários de graduação/pós-graduação como participantes e a descrição de estratégias para o desenvolvimento e/ou fortalecimento das competências de pesquisa. Onze estudos foram selecionados; todas as estratégias foram aplicadas no nível de graduação, incluindo orientação de pesquisa, unidades de pesquisa, cursos e aulas de laboratório aplicadas ao currículo, tutoria e aprendizagem colaborativa para o desenvolvimento de um projeto de pesquisa interdisciplinar. Conclui-se que as estratégias empregadas são uma referência para a implementação de novos métodos para desenvolver e fortalecer as competências profissionais requeridas nos diferentes cursos de graduação em nível universitário.
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