PRECARISATION OF TELEWORKING IN ECUADOR IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19: ANALYSIS VARIABLES FROM THE MARXIST APPROACH

Abstract

This article's objective is to identify, from the Marxist approach, the key variables to safeguard decent work. This objective should be considered by the regulations and public regulation and control processes to avoid or minimize Ecuador's job insecurity. In the context of the pandemic caused by Covid-19, that generalized and intensified teleworking. It allows continuing with production, maintaining social distancing, and respecting mobilization restrictions. All of the mentioned aspects reduce the risk of contagion of the virus. However, it has required rapid adaptations to all economic agents. Thus, it affected the dynamics of labor relations in high unemployment rates and in the face of a legal framework whose design was not thought for teleworking. Through bibliographic research framed in the qualitative methodology, it was determined that the mechanisms of exploitation and expropriation of the surplus-value are elaborated on the variables: income and social benefits of the worker, working hours, stability, and work environment. Finding that the Humanitarian Law and the Ministerial Agreement MDT-2016-0190 allow the increase of precariousness promoting labor flexibility in the three variables and negatively affecting the salaried class's well-being.